Foundation · 2 min
What you need to know
Should every variant have a URL?
Not every size needs its own address. A color version with its own photos and details might benefit from a separate page, while two sizes can often be choices on one page. A single page may be simpler when the versions differ only in a choice like size.
Color versions can follow either pattern. Test whether someone opening a link to a specific color version actually sees that color and the right price and stock. Google documents how to describe variant relationships when structured data is used.
What causes duplicate URLs?
One product can accidentally have several addresses. You might see it under both a short product address and a longer category address or reach it through a link with extra tracking text. Check which address the store links to and puts in its sitemap.
Duplicate pages are a management problem when they confuse the preferred URL or waste crawling. They do not automatically mean a penalty.
What is a canonical URL?
A canonical tag is page code that names the preferred address when several addresses show the same or nearly the same item. Point the category copy to the main product address. Google also checks links, redirects and other signals, so the tag alone does not force its choice.
An incorrect tag could point a product to an unrelated product and keep the intended page out of search. Inspect the rendered tag and Google’s selected canonical before changing settings.
What happens when a product is discontinued?
If you plan another batch of the same product, you can leave its page up and show “Sold out” with an accurate next step. If you permanently replace it with a close successor, a permanent redirect may make sense. If no relevant replacement exists, do not send every removed product to the homepage.
Update internal links, featured sections, feeds and sitemaps too. A URL decision alone does not clean up the rest of the store.
Foundation · 2 min
Frequently asked questions
Can I use noindex instead of a canonical tag for duplicates?
These instructions do different jobs. Noindex asks that a page be left out of search; a canonical indicates a preferred version. Check the goal and the actual pages before using either.
Should a permanently removed page return an error?
If the item and any useful replacement are gone, a not-found response may be appropriate. First check whether shoppers still need useful information or a close alternative.